Mechanical design includes the following two designs: developing new machinery with new technology and new method; redesigning or reconstructing locally on the basis of original machinery, so as to change or improve the performance of the original machine. The quality of the design is directly related to the performance, price and economic benefit of the mechanical products. Mechanical parts constitute the basic unit of the machine. Before discussing the basic requirements of machine design, we should first understand some basic requirements of designing mechanical parts.
Basic requirements for the design of mechanical parts
- The reliability and low cost of the parts are the basic requirements for the design of mechanical parts. The working capacity of a part refers to the ability to resist the possible failure of a part under a certain working condition, which is called the load capacity for the load. Failure means that parts can not work properly for some reason. Only each part can work reliably in order to ensure the normal operation of the machine.
- The design of mechanical parts must also adhere to the economic point of view, and strive to achieve a high comprehensive economic benefit. To this end, we should pay attention to the following points:
- Reasonable selection of materials to reduce material costs;
- Ensure good technology and reduce the cost of manufacturing.
- Standardize and general-purpose design, simplify the design process and reduce the cost.
The design of mechanical products should meet the basic requirements of the following aspects
- Realize the predetermined function: the designed machine can realize the predetermined function and can operate normally under the prescribed working conditions and the prescribed time limit.
- Reliability requirements: the machine consists of many parts and components, whose reliability depends on the reliability of the zero and the components. The more the parts and parts of the mechanical system, the lower the reliability, so the number of parts should be reduced when the machine is designed. But at present, it is difficult to put forward a unified assessment index for the reliability of mechanical products.
- Meet the economic requirements: the economic index is a comprehensive index, which requires a low cost in design and manufacturing, high productivity, less energy and material consumption, low maintenance and management cost.
- The operation is convenient and safe to work: the operating system is simple and reliable, which helps to reduce the labor strength of the operator. There are various kinds of insurance devices to eliminate the danger caused by misoperation and avoid accidents of personal and equipment.
Beautiful appearance and less pollution. The industrial form design method is applied to the industrial modeling design of mechanical products, so that the designed machine is not only good in performance, small in size, low in price, but also beautiful in appearance, and full of the characteristics of the times. The modeling of mechanical products has a direct impact on the sales and competitiveness of the products. At present, it is a link that can not be ignored in the mechanical design. Reduce the noise as much as possible and reduce the pollution to the environment. In a sense, noise is also a comprehensive indicator of mechanical quality.Beautiful appearance and less pollution. The industrial form design method is applied to the industrial modeling design of mechanical products, so that the designed machine is not only good in performance, small in size, low in price, but also beautiful in appearance, and full of the characteristics of the times. The modeling of mechanical products has a direct impact on the sales and competitiveness of the products. At present, it is a link that can not be ignored in the mechanical design. Reduce the noise as much as possible and reduce the pollution to the environment. In a sense, noise is also a comprehensive indicator of mechanical quality.