Safety knowledge of aerial work in single girder underhung cranes
Electric single-girder underhung cranes and CD1, MD1-type electric hoist supporting the use of rail light rail to form a small crane. This machine is mostly used in machinery manufacturing. Assembly workshops and warehouses, caves and other places. Running track with I-beam.
This product is intermediate (A5) working system, lifting weight 0.5,1,2,3,5 tons, the span of 3 to 16 meters. Work environment temperature is between 20 ℃ -35 ℃, the control mode is ground control (both wired and wireless).
This product is not suitable for use in flammable and explosive media or in places where there is a high temperature with acids and alkalis or with molten metal, toxic substances, and combustibles which are handled by dry lifting.
Special equipment for purchase, introduction, installation and technological transformation must comply with the relevant national standards for quality and technical supervision, safety and hygiene regulations, especially for the selection and procurement of crane machinery with great danger, prior approval of safety and equipment departments.
The crane purchased in the factory, to go through the local municipal quality and technical supervision departments of safety and technical inspection, and obtained “Crane Safety Technical Supervision Certificate” issued randomly.
Installation of lifting machinery units to obtain qualification certificates, installation personnel have a certificate of operation, the permit can be engaged in lifting machinery installation and submitted to the higher security, the competent authorities for the record review.
Crane prior to the commissioning of the trial, the installation unit must first self-test, and fill in the self-test report, pay the receiving unit after the pre-acceptance of qualified (complete record should be) by the superior in charge of safety, equipment testing, acceptance before being able to invest Test run.
The formal inspection and acceptance must be carried out in accordance with the technical, safety and equipment department regulations of the supervisor and the “three simultaneous” management standards for labor protection.
Strengthen the management of cranes. Conscientiously implement the crane management system and safety inspection system, do a good job of regular inspection crane, maintenance, maintenance, promptly eliminate hidden dangers, so that crane is always in good working condition.
Strengthen the education and training of crane operators, strictly enforce safe operating procedures, enhance the ability to operate technical skills and handle emergencies.
Right here in this post, Our overhead bridge crane factory provides you some analysis of crane accidents happening and tips to solve and prevents such tragedies.
As one of the eight categories of special equipment crane, the accident rate has been high in recent years for many reasons, for many reasons, including the standard lag, lack of forward-looking design, manufacturing process behind the level of lax quality control, Use management is not in place. To reduce the occurrence of crane accidents, we can start from the aspects of revision of relevant rules and standards and strengthening of supervision and management.
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Lifting machinery according to national regulations is one of eight categories of special equipment. Regardless of the device itself or the use of links, from the security requirements, it and several other special devices, the danger is not large. However, according to statistics released by AQSIQ in recent years, the absolute number of accidents caused by crane accidents and casualties has always been at the top of eight categories of special equipment. In 2009, AQSIQ has taken the safety of lifting appliances as the focus of the annual “three operations” and hoped that the goal of reducing the safety accidents of lifting appliances would be achieved through remediation.
Why will the accident rate of cranes be high? We have many years experience in the safety inspection of lifting machinery, mainly for the following reasons.
Accident rate remains high for complicated reasons
Standard lag. The lag of the standard revision led to the desalination of crane design innovation. China’s crane design is based on “Crane Design Code” GB3811-1983, design safety requirements are mainly “Lifting Machinery Safety Code” GB6067-1986. The two common technical specifications standards introduced in the 1980s, the hoisting machinery for the standard management has played a decisive role. However, with the current mass production of heavy lifting machinery and put into use, as well as the improvement of production technology, the use of new materials, resulting in the standard cannot be applied in some occasions. “Crane Safety Regulations” is the main theoretical basis for lifting machinery inspection regulations, the 2009 version of the new inspection has been promulgated and started on April 1 this year, and its theoretical basis for “lifting machinery safety regulations” The revised version has not yet been introduced. Once the new regulations and new safety rules have greater discrepancies, inspection agencies will feel at a loss as to the inspection of hoisting machinery.
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Design forward-looking enough.
Some lifting machinery manufacturers in the development of new product design, there is a force component in a variety of environments to consider the situation of the load is not sufficient. The reliability of the braking system of the hoisting mechanism is the key factor that determines the safety performance of the hoisting machinery. The accidents of the hoisting machinery in use are mostly related to the hoisting mechanism. The lifting mechanism is basically the use of electromagnet electromechanical brakes, the key to the reliability of the operation of the solenoid coil control, and crane electrical control system design is our country more than 20 years has been the weak link.
The level of manufacturing technology behind.
China’s lifting machinery standards and European standards there are some differences, resulting in lifting machinery joint ventures in China is difficult to form a climate. Some small and medium-sized crane equipment itself has still to be improved. In addition, due to market competition, the profitability of manufacturing enterprises is also very limited, and the funds invested in the research and development of new products are limited.
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Poor quality control installation.
Crane installation has always been the acceptance of the final acceptance inspection, the entire installation process of quality control depends entirely on the quality of workers and technical level. Equipment installation process is actually a continuation of the manufacturing process, the site operating conditions worse than the manufacturing process. Lifting machinery manufacturing and construction norms on the process of construction process control and there is no clear standards and requirements, to a large extent, led to the installation of low-level construction, especially illegal operation and some construction technology to bring the hidden And structural defects to the accident has laid a hidden danger. April 1 new regulations began to implement, the ultimate acceptance inspection of lifting machinery for the entire installation process supervision and inspection for the future installation of lifting machinery to provide a strong guarantee of quality.
Use management is not in place.
The accident occurred in the use of links is the focus of the entire crane safety accidents, and the management of the use of units in place is the main reason. Management here refers mainly to the management of people and equipment. With the restructuring of state-owned enterprises and the development of private-owned enterprises, it is difficult to ensure that every crane is operated by a qualified person. In addition, the private-owned owners of special equipment safety awareness is also an important factor affecting the safety of lifting machinery. On the other hand, the equipment management includes routine inspection and planned maintenance of the equipment. The daily inspection is mainly the inspection of the safety performance of the equipment and is often the most easily overlooked. Some companies even annual lifting machinery repair plan is not arranged. In addition, the illegal operation is also the main cause of accidents in the course of using a crane.
There are other reasons for safety accidents in lifting machinery, such as the use of the environment, load classification, illegal or super-qualified lifting machinery may be the cause of the accident.
Grasp the key to radical cure
How to reduce the occurrence of crane safety accidents, as a crane inspector, we think we should start with the following aspects:
First, promulgated (revised) in line with the current lifting machinery industry production, installation and use requirements and give full consideration to synchronize with the international general technical standards, such as “lifting machinery safety regulations,” the amendment should focus on the lifting mechanism brake control , Make full use of electric brake auxiliary brake function to brake protection.
Second, encourage Chinese and foreign cooperation in the production of lifting machinery in China, the introduction of advanced technology to improve the technological content and safety performance of lifting machinery and the overall manufacturing level of China’s lifting machinery.
Third, strengthen the supervision and management of lifting machinery industry, crack down on the illegal and over-range production of lifting machinery. In the policy to those high-tech and high safety crane manufacturer tilt, phase out or shut down some low-tech, low-safety performance, low-cost market competition, encourage enterprises to introduce lifting machinery manufacturers High-tech personnel, especially the control of personnel, on the crane to carry out a new concept of design.
Fourth, strict quality supervision departments at all levels of the legal training of workers, especially the use of internal units to strengthen post operation and management skills training, highlighting the responsibility system responsible for the production safety system, and strengthen the main responsible person’s special equipment safety awareness and regulate the operation Personnel work processes and improve the safety awareness of special operations staff engaged in promoting the use of lifting machinery and equipment units on the day of the management mode.
Fifth, due to a long period of supervision and inspection of lifting machinery is implemented after the completion of the supervision and inspection, so according to the new inspection regulations for the installation process supervision and inspection pending all inspection personnel to change their concepts and improve their business standards. Theoretically, we should strengthen the study and understanding of regulations and understand the weak links in manufacturing and installation so as to formulate feasible guidance documents for inspection operations and ensure the quality of inspection. On this basis, in the past, the regular inspection of hoisting machinery used in the past should be conducted in accordance with the routine test in addition to the inspection and routine inspections, as well as the links that are easy to bring about potential safety hazards and defects in the process of installation and manufacture. Use advanced testing methods to increase some of the necessary testing items to prevent accidents.
Sixth, advocate the use of construction sites with lifting machinery supervision and inspection and supervision and management of unobstructed communication to manage ways to ensure that there is a safety hazard construction crane machinery before rectification in place shall not continue to put into use.
Any detaled information you want to know about our overhead bridge crane products, please contact us.
The main performance parameters of hoisting crane machinery include lifting capacity, working-class, lifting torque, lifting height and working speed.
Overhead Crane Capacity
Weight refers to the quality of the crane can lift a weight, which should include the quality of sling and iron pole or a container, it is an important parameter to measure the crane working ability. It is usually called the rated weight and is expressed as “Q”.The weight – starting unit used to be used as “t” and now is represented by “kN” (10kN is approximately equal to 1t).
With the change of the working range of the crane, the crane’s weight also changes. Therefore, the rated weight has the maximum weight and maximum lifting weight. The maximum weight refers to the basic boom in maximum weight lifting allowed minimum amplitude; the biggest weight refers to the basic boom in the maximum weight lifting maximum amplitude at. General crane rated lifting weight refers to the basic boom in maximum weight lifting allowed minimum amplitude when the crane is calibrated on the nameplate capacity.
Working Class
The working range refers to the horizontal distance between the central axis of a crane and the center line of a hook under the rated load. It is usually referred to as the radius of gyration or the radius of work. It is represented by “R”, and the unit is “m”.The working range indicates the working range of the crane when it does not shift. It includes two parameters, the maximum amplitude, and the minimum amplitude. For the pitching amplitude boom, when in a horizontal angle close to the level of 13 degrees, the maximum horizontal distance from the center to the center of the hook crane slewing axis line, the biggest; when the boom up to the maximum angle (the average angle of 78 degrees), the rotary center axis to hook the distance of the centerline of the minimum. Minimum amplitude.The trolley jib, when small cars to the arm head end position, the biggest; when the car is boom root end position, minimum amplitude.
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The lifting weight of the crane varies with the amplitude, and the same crane has different ranges and its weight is different. For a wheeled crane with leg support, it should also be expressed in the effective range of A, that is, the horizontal distance from the center of the hook to the centerline of the side leg when the leg is working laterally. The effective range reflects the actual working ability of the crane. The working range is expressed by A1 (single tire) or A2 (A2 twin) without using outrigger to work laterally.
Lifting Torque
The lifting moment is the product of the crane’s lifting weight and the corresponding amplitude. The unit of lifting torque used to be expressed by t*m. Now it is expressed by kN*m. It is a crane’s comprehensive lifting capacity parameter, which can comprehensively and accurately reflect crane’s lifting capacity. The tower crane needs to work in a large range, so the lifting torque is used as the main parameter to express the model. The lifting torque of a tower crane usually refers to the lifting moment of the maximum amplitude.
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Crane’s hoisting characteristic curve is a curve showing the relationship between crane’s weight and amplitude. Different amplitude has a different rated weight. It can connect different amplitudes and corresponding rated lifting weights to the line, and it can be drawn into hoisting characteristic curve. All the cranes have this curve near the control table so that the operator can quickly find out the maximum lifting weight of the crane at a certain extent. To be equipped with several different arm length of the crane, each of which corresponds to the length of the jib crane has its characteristic curve.
Overhead Crane Lifting Height
The lifting height refers to the distance from the ground to the hook and the center of the hook, and the calibration value of its parameters is usually expressed as the rated lifting height. The rated lifting height refers to the rise of the hook to the maximum limit of the full load, from the center of the hook to the ground. When the hook needs to be lifted below the ground, the depth of the ground below the ground is called the lower depth, and the total lifting height is the sum of the lifting height and the lower depth.
For the jib crane, when the boom length, lifting height increases with the magnitude of the reduction, this feature can be used to lift height curve representation, and its corresponding lifting performance curve.
Overhead Crane Working Speed
The working speed of the crane includes the speed of lifting, amplitude changing, turning and walking. The rise and rise speed of the lifting speed refer to the rising or falling speed of the lifting hook, and the unit is “m/min”.The lifting speed of the crane is related to the lifting speed of the hoisting mechanism, and it is related to the ratio of the hook pulley group. The rope is twice as fast as the rope; the single rope is twice as fast as the double rope. Generally, the lifting speed parameter should be indicated, and the number of rope should be marked.
Amplitude variable amplitude speed is the average line speed of the hook from the maximum to the minimum, and the unit is “m/min”.The pitching amplitude is the amplitude speed up boom boom rising and falling speed generally falls faster than the arm lifting arm speed.
The rotation speed of the rotary speed refers to the number of revolutions per minute of the crane in the case of no-load, and the unit is “r/min”.
Walking speed is the maximum speed of a crane when it is not loaded, and the unit is “m/min”.Walking speed is the maximum speed of a crane when it is not loaded, and the unit is “m/min”. Any need for the crane specification and costs, be free to contact us.
Analysis and elimination of crane fault inspection
The whole crane and its components and metal structures are under the action of overload stress, repeated stress, and environmental corrosion, and gradually produce defects from their own failure mechanism. These defects are divided into one defect and two defects. Loosening, deformation, wear, fracture and deterioration are a defect. They are called direct defects. Defects due to a defect are called two defects, such as vibration, noise, heat, leakage, pollution and so on. These defects (failure modes), through the transmission mechanism, will affect the overall performance and strength of the crane. The change of the fault mode and nature and strength is the sign of the anomaly: the observation and measurement of the parameters of the symptoms can predict the occurrence of the fault.
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The overhead bridge crane fault diagnosis technology includes two parts: one is the primary technology to diagnose the normal condition of the crane, the simple diagnostic technology is mainly implemented by field operators; the two is the precise diagnosis technology, which is mainly implemented by professionals for decision-making.
Function of simple diagnostic technique
The tending control of the stress and the detection of abnormal stress in a crane or part.
The deterioration of the crane or its equipment, the trend control of the fault and the early discovery.
The trend control and abnormal detection of the performance and efficiency of the crane or its equipment.
The trend control and abnormal detection of the performance and efficiency of the crane or its equipment.
Points out parts or structures showing fault performance.
The goal of the precise diagnostic technology of precision diagnostic technology is to diagnose the “probably abnormal” location by special diagnostic technology, so as to determine the necessary measures and techniques. It should have the following functions:
Determine the type and type of abnormal.
Analysis and elimination of crane fault inspection
Understand the cause of the abnormality.
Understand the degree of danger and predict the results of its development.
Understand the way to eliminate the failure state.
A method of obtaining diagnostic information
There are two main methods to obtain diagnostic information, one is the direct observation and judgment of the senses, and the two is instrument detection and analysis. The first hand information on the condition of parts and components can be obtained by the direct sensory observation, and then the judgment is made according to the experience. This method can only make qualitative judgments about the observed parts, and often use simple instruments to enrich the sensory observation ability. Instrument detection is a special fault diagnosis instrument for crane and parts vibration and noise measurement, temperature measurement, wear particle analysis, crane or parts performance measurement, to quantitative analysis of faults.
Optimization design of overhead crane hook based on ANSYS
Excellent double girder overhead hook crane is one of a hot sale overhead bridge crane warmly recognized by our clients as its low-cost price and high working performance. Here below in this post at our official overhead crane blog, the Company will introduce some key technologies it has employed on its crane hook products.
The bridge crane hook is the most widely used device and the main bearing part of the lifting equipment. The strength of the hook and the rationality of its design are very important to the safety of the crane.Therefore, the modern finite element analysis method is used to analyze the strength of the hook to find the maximum deformation position of the hook, reveal its stress distribution law and dangerous section, and provide a theoretical basis for the research and design of the hook strength, which has important engineering significance.
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According to the actual working condition, the restraint and load of the crane hook are treated effectively, and the strength of the overhead bridge crane is analyzed by finite element method. The distribution law of the stress and displacement of the hook is obtained, and the dangerous section of the hook is revealed.On the basis of the finite element analysis, the thickness of the hook is optimized under the premise of ensuring the safety of the hook, and the results are compared before and after optimization.After the optimization, the size of the crane hook is more reasonable, and the weight of the hook is reduced.The analysis and optimization results provide a scientific and reasonable basis for the structural design of crane hook.
Establishment and analysis of finite element model
The structure and parameters of the hook are taken as an example of the main lifting straight hook of the 50t/10t bridge crane of a working grade M5 in the actual production, and its structural form is illustrated as shown.The parameters are as follows: single hook, hook number 40, strength grade is M, the maximum thickness of the hook body horizontal section is 200mm, the maximum thickness of the vertical section of the 170mm 150mm. hook shank diameter, the material is DG20Mn, the yield point of the material is 333MPa, tensile strength 510MPa, elastic modulus and Poisson’s ratio of 0.3, E=2.1ellPa, density 7860kg/m3. hook maximum allowable bending stress: hook straight rod part maximum allowable tensile stress: simple structure without a hook.
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The finite element model of the hook is established. The geometric characteristics of some transition angles have little influence on the strength. In the Ansys, the generation probability of the distorted mesh will be increased, the calculation time will be increased, and the calculation accuracy will be affected. Therefore, the modeling should be simplified.The element type chooses the hexahedron structure element Solidl85., the upper part of the hook straight handle is added to the constraint, and the whole degree of freedom is restrained.
Because of the actual process of hoisting, lifting will swing, the tension of rope hanging and vertical direction have a certain angle, according to the engineering practice and floating rules, this angle should be controlled at about 30 degrees.Therefore, when the hook load reaches the maximum lifting weight of 50t, and the tension angle of the rope is 30 degrees, the hook is at the most unfavorable load limit condition.
The diameter of the cable for hanging heavy object is D=28mm, that is, the load acting section is about D and the maximum thickness of the middle vertical section of the hook.The load acting on the hook of the suspended cargo rope is simulated by applying the uniformly distributed load on the surface of the 30 sides of the middle vertical plane of the hook.
Mesh generation, adding constraints and applying surface loads are obtained.
The maximum stress of the hook occurs on the inside of the main bending section of the hook (horizontal section), and the maximum stress is 157MPa. The maximum stress of the main bending section (horizontal section) of hook body is about 87MPa, which is less than the allowable stress 214.84MPa.
Hook hook body in the vertical section of the internal stress is larger, as another dangerous section, the maximum stress is about 104MPa.
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The maximum tensile stress of the straight bar of the hook is 69.6MPa, less than the allowable stress 102MPa., so the actual analysis of the stress value is far less than the yield limit of the material, the stress margin is large, indicating that the hook is very safe and can be optimized.
The hook on the hook load optimization force and safety factor requirements are met, the maximum thickness can be reduced and the hook straight shank diameter to optimize the structure and size, the maximum thickness of the horizontal section is reduced from 200mm to 180mm, the maximum thickness of the vertical section is decreased from 170mm to 155mm, shank diameter decreased from 150mm to load 135mm. then applied approximately: the optimized hook remodeling, the constraint remains unchanged, the finite element analysis is carried out again.
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Adopting brand leading new crane manufacturing technologies, we can always provide customers excellent individualized crane. Since China’s Opening Up and Reform stimulation, Its environment was badly polluted. Thus manufacturing environmental friendly overhead crane quite meets the trend. Traditional overhead cranes have many weaknesses in logistic, working efficiency, and safe operation. As a critical lifting equipment widely applied in multi-fileds areas, overhead crane R&Dis vital for total industrial economic development.
However, as China’s infrastructure construction continues to increase, the variety of crane equipment and the increasing number, a large number of crane equipment consumed by the resources, emissions of pollutants on the impact of the environment is growing. In Beijing, Shanghai and other major cities, because the construction site of the mechanical noise disturbance caused by more and more disputes; excavators, loaders, cranes, heavy trucks and other crane equipment emissions caused by
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Air pollution is increasingly serious, has caused the environmental protection departments attach great importance. In addition, since last year’s macro-control, domestic enterprises generally began to look to the international market, however, due to exhaust emissions are not compliance, product exports have been seriously hampered. Now, environmental protection and energy conservation has become China’s crane equipment industry cannot be ignored.
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In recent years. With the introduction of the “second five” policy, in response to the crane equipment industry to take the green manufacturing road calls more and more loud, with the international economic development. China’s crane equipment enterprises are also doing the appropriate scale adjustment, however, China’s technology level is still relatively low, the manufacturing industry chain process is not only the low utilization of energy, but also produce a lot of heavy oil pollution, which for China’s crane equipment Development will undoubtedly cause great obstacles. Take the green road strategy is not only in line with the principle of harmonious development of the world, but also help the crane equipment enterprises to alleviate the current pressure. For the long-term development of enterprises into the water.
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Recently, the State Council executive meeting, further clarified to speed up the development of energy-saving environmental protection industry, promote information consumption, we can see that both have the characteristics of economic restructuring, but also has a strong economic power industry, has become the main goal of the current policy tilt.
As early as the State Council proposed to speed up the transformation of shantytowns. Some organizations are expected. There will be more in line with the “steady growth, structural adjustment, promote reform” coordinated development of the industry, will be subject to policy concerns. In the July 12 executive meeting of the State Council, energy conservation and environmental protection industry favored, and the difference is that the meeting in the details of the work put forward very clear requirements:
First, to create a favorable market and policy environment. Improve the standards, improve the price, fees and land policy;
Second, we must speed up the construction of key energy-saving environmental protection projects, improve the sewage pipe network and other urban environmental infrastructure, green building operations;
Third, is to increase the central budget investment and energy-saving emission reduction special funds to support efforts to continue to arrange state-owned capital operating budget expenditure to support key enterprises to implement energy-saving environmental protection projects. Extensive international exchanges and cooperation;
Fourth, to promote energy saving and renewable products consumption. Government official car, the bus to the first to promote the use of new energy vehicles, synchronized improve the supporting facilities. To 2015, so that efficient energy-saving products market share increased to 50% or more;
Fifth, to enhance the level of industrial technology and equipment. To promote efficient boilers, high-efficiency motors and other areas of energy-saving technology and equipment upgrades. Speed up the atmosphere, water, soil and other pollution control technology and equipment research and development promotion. Increase the key common technology research, improve the ability of independent innovation. Development and expansion of contract energy management and other energy conservation and environmental protection services.
What do you need to pay attention for grab bridge crane safe operation? How to deal with the sudden situation in the operation of grabbing bridge crane? Here in our Overhead Bridge crane, for clients’ operator facility, the company’s expert team provides you the following suggestion, please be sure to follow the safety manual to operate.
1.Overhead Crane Operator must have experiences in overhead crane safe and technical training, certificates. When drunk, the operator shall never be allowed to operate the lifting equipment.
The driver must get off at the designated location. After entering the post, the operator should ring the bell first after finishing the power transmission;
Operation of the drum controller and the master controller, the operating handle must be slow to ensure smooth running, but close to zero in the place a little faster, so as not to burn too long arc burst contact point, after the machine completely stopped running;
When operation, the overhead crane driver must focus on the overhead crane operation;
when the bridge crane grabs the material, the grapple must be done in the vertical direction, and not to use grapples to pull material,
When the traffic is moving horizontally, the grapple must be raised above the obstacle that can be encountered by more than 0.5m to prevent crushing or other accidents;
Grab grab material, you must slowly open to ensure that after the grab opened with the mine, the silo has a certain distance to prevent the collision of the mine;
The traffic grab must rise to 300mm from the beam must stop. In normal operation, prohibit the use of end switches and limit switches to cut off the power, close to the end of the speed should be slow;
Work should always pay attention to whether the brake is in good condition, when the brake is not working, brake wheel, it should not be cut off the accident switch, on the contrary, should be the two master controller at the same time open to the last When the hydraulic pump failure, the brake cannot be opened, it is strictly forbidden to continue operation, should cut off the power, the inspection and processing, cannot handle the timely report to the relevant leadership. ;
Lifting operations must follow the command of the signal, the hoisting operation signal in the form of bells, ground mobile lifting using intercom system and ground command personnel to contact, but any person issued an emergency stop signal should be immediately stopped.
Driving workers into the post operation, you must wear a labor insurance products, shall not wear non-insulated shoes into the post operation;
It is strictly forbidden to climb the running of the traffic, is strictly prohibited from the traffic bridge over; in operation, any person issued a parking signal must be parking;
driving brake failure is strictly prohibited driving, in operation is strictly prohibited to repair all electrical and mechanical equipment;
No person shall travel or stay along the carriageway except for professional maintenance of the orbiter;
When the vehicle is overhauled or stopped, the car must be docked to the end of the main beam and the grab must fall to the ground. When the rope falls to a minimum, the wire rope on the reel shall not be less than three turns; when the wire rope is severely worn, 12 yarns per twist, the surface is worn to 20% of the original diameter, this rope cannot continue to use;
It is strictly forbidden to lift equipment and personnel with grapples;
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The safety cover, lighting, fire equipment, limit switches, etc. must be intact, the tool should be placed in the toolbox, so as not to fall wounding;
Two vehicles at the same time operation, the two should be kept at the distance of 4 meters, in close to the signal must be issued to prevent the crash.
When the work is stopped, the lifting material shall not be suspended in the air. In operation, the ground, downhole, or drop the hanging pieces should first ring warning. It is forbidden to hang over the head.
The above regulations are just for your reference when operating the grab bridge crane, if you have any confusions, please be free to contact us, in our overhead bridge crane factory, there are professional crane engineer team and strong manufacturing teams provide you excellent customized overhead bridge crane solution.
After several decades of development, Crane Structural optimization technology becomes more and more natural, and its good economic performance, in the field of machinery has been widely used. As a large-scale construction machinery, gantry crane can be used to optimize the structure of its metal structure to achieve the purpose of the lightweight structure. At present, many crane enterprises and some colleges and universities such as Southwest Jiaotong University, Dalian University of Technology, Zhengzhou University and other universities are making cooperation on the optimization of the metal structure of the crane and have done a lot of research.
Research on Structural Optimization of Cranes
Structural optimization of gantry crane
Taking the L-type gantry crane as an example, the performance index of the mast is programmed into the program, which is optimized with I SIGHT. The multi-island genetic algorithm is used to optimize the mast. Then, based on the finite element method, the optimal design of the gantry is carried out. The advantages and disadvantages of the two optimization schemes are analyzed by comparing the two optimization results. Fan Li Ge combined with the sensitivity analysis technique and the structural optimization design, the parameters with great influence on the total volume of the metal structure of the gantry crane are selected as the design variables, and the optimal design of the structure is completed. Tang Hui firstly took the main gantry as the mast for cross-section optimization, followed by a non-symmetrical outrigger structure to achieve the weight of the crane design. CUI Hua-wei took VB as the development platform, the gantry structure model was established by using APDL language. Based on the static analysis, the maximum equivalent stress and the cantilever deflection were used as the state variables to optimize the gantry structure. On the basis of static analysis of gantry crane, Wang Zhixin has optimized the structure of crane main girder. Chen Guanshun introduced the dynamic displacement as the constraint condition to optimize the design of the gantry crane structure, thus reducing the weight of the gantry crane. Summer aluminum using a genetic algorithm for the gantry crane main beam was optimized design, the crane weight reduced by 11.4%. The structure of the cantilever beam of the gantry crane is optimized by the combination of genetic algorithm and structural optimization technology. Qi Qisong has optimized the main girder structure with some cross-sectional dimensions of the main girder of the gantry crane as the design variable. Sun cave looked at the lower beam of the crane. In the ANSYS, the simplified finite element model of the main girder of the crane is established, and the weight of the main beam is reduced by 18%, and the weight of the main beam is reduced by 18%.
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Structure Optimization of Overhead Bridge Crane
ZHANG Xiao-li (School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China) used the application of multi-objective genetic algorithm in engineering, and the genetic target optimization algorithm based on Pareto ranking is developed. The topological optimization of the main beam was carried out by means of ANSYS software, and the topological optimization model of the initial concept of the main girder was obtained. Cheng Lizhu uses ANSYS software to use the main beam height, width, the thickness of the upper cover plate, the thickness of the lower cover plate and the thickness of the left and right webs as the design variables. The vertical deflection and equivalent stress of the main girder are the state variables, and the total mass of the main beam is the lightest as the objective function, the main beam size optimization, optimized weight reduction of 29%, the effect is more obvious. Meng Wenjun uses ANSYS software to model the main girder and end girder of the crane. The LHS of Mote-Carlo is used to analyze the sensitivity of the crane’s metal system, and the structural parameters with great influence on the bridge are found. Under the premise of ensuring the reliability, the dimensions are optimized. The total weight of the crane reduces to 7.3t. The model of the gantry crane is established in ANSYS, and the effect is optimized. Better than the previous weight reduction of 18.9%, Naresh Chauhan analyzes the stress and strain of the overhead traveling crane. Zhao Qiong established an optimization design model with the key parameters as design variables and proposed an optimization method based on genetic algorithm and finite element analysis. By optimizing the four-bar luffing mechanism, the production cost of a gantry crane and operating costs. Fan chaos theory is introduced into the optimization design of CMS, which saves the computation time and improves the computational efficiency compared with the previous ant colony optimization algorithm. Fan, Xiaoning The sensitivity analysis of the uncertain variables of the bridge crane is carried out. The optimal design model of the overhead bridge crane based on reliability is constructed. Under the premise of satisfying the working performance, the design structure is compared with the traditional design phase, and the weight of the crane is much reduced. Kim and so on the crane boom support structure to establish a three-dimensional model, the use of HyperWorks software to its topology optimization.
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Our always decade itself in most advanced crane technology for providing best excellent crane products for the worldwide customers. With the above research theories’ support, our Crane Machinery can manufacturer different kinds of cranes, featuring in smart, light duty and high-performance structure, which can easily promote your working efficiency to a large degree.
Overhead Cranes are intermittent machines that feature short and repetitive work. At work, the crane when the institutions open， it can stop immediately. Sometimes it can turn, while sometimes it can also be reversed. Some cranes work day and night, and some work once only, and some even work only a few times a day. This working condition shows that the crane and its agencies are working differently. At the same time, the load on the crane is also changing, and some cranes are often loaded, and some often only hanging light load, the load situation is very different. In addition, due to the different speed of the various agencies, the impact of dynamic impact load is also different.
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This work characteristic of the crane must be taken into account when designing the crane parts, the metal structure and the determination of the crane power. Today, as a major technical parameter of a crane is the working level of a crane, which replaces the unreasonable working system of the past. The size of the work of the crane level is determined by the two types of capacity, one is the use of heavy cranes, known as the crane use level; the other is the size of the crane to bear the load, known as the crane load state. The crane has a certain total number of cycles during the active life. The working cycle of the crane operator is the entire process from the start of the lifting of the item to the next lifting of the item. The total number of work cycles represents the degree of utilization of the crane, which is one of the basic parameters of the crane grading. The total number of work cycles is the sum of the number of cycles of the crane during the specified service life.
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Today, as a major technical parameter of a crane is the working level of a crane, which replaces the unreasonable working system of the past. The size of the work of the crane level is determined by the two types of capacity, one is the use of heavy-duty cranes, known as the crane use level; the other is the size of the crane to bear the load, known as the crane load state. The crane has a certain total number of cycles during the active life. The working cycle of the crane operator is the entire process from the start of the lifting of the item to the next lifting of the item. The total number of work cycles represents the degree of utilization of the crane, which is one of the basic parameters of the crane grading. The total number of work cycles is the sum of the number of cycles of the crane during the specified service life.
Or if you have any questions about the overhead crane specifications, be free to contact us.
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